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Simple, heart-smart substitutions

Coronary artery disease - heart smart substitutions; Atherosclerosis - heart smart substitutions; Cholesterol - heart smart substitutions; Coronary heart disease - heart smart substitutions; Healthy diet - heart smart substitutions; Wellness - heart smart substitutions

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A heart-healthy diet is low in saturated fat. Saturated fat can increase your bad cholesterol and clog your arteries. A heart-healthy diet also limits foods with added salt, which can increase your blood pressure, and added sugar, which can lead to weight gain.

Making heart-healthy food choices does not mean you have to sacrifice flavor. The key is to include more fresh produce, whole grains, beans, lean meats, fish, and low-fat dairy.

1. Replace Saturated Fats

Reduce the amount of fat in your dairy. Whole-fat dairy products are high in saturated fat. But there are healthier options.

Experiment. If a recipe calls for whole milk, you can usually replace most or all of the volume with skim or low-fat milk with no reduction in final quality.

Choose lean meats. They have less fat and are better for your heart. When selecting and cooking lean meats:

Prepare meat as just a part of the meal, rather than the main attraction. For example, stir fry pork with broccoli and serve over brown rice. Along with the meat, you get a serving of vegetable and whole grain.

You can also try meat substitutes with your meals.

2. Prepare Foods with Little or no Salt

To cut back on salt, stock your kitchen with low- or no-salt prepared sauces, soups, canned foods, or mixes. Instead of salt, season your food with:

3. Cook with Whole Grains

White flour, white rice, and other refined grains have been stripped of some of their nutrients. You often find them in foods that are high in sugar, sodium, and fat.

Whole grains are loaded with fiber and nutrition. They can help lower cholesterol in your blood and make you feel full longer. As you shop for food, read labels for fat and sugar content. Be on the look-out for:

Note that products described as “multi-grain” may or may not contain whole grains.

4. Cut Back on Sugar

Too much sugar in your diet typically means many calories without many nutrients. To keep your weight in check and your heart healthy, limit the sugar you eat.

Recipes

Baked Salmon Dijon

  1. Whisk sour cream, dill, onion, mustard, and lemon juice in small bowl to blend.
  2. Place salmon, skin side down, on prepared sheet. Sprinkle with garlic powder and pepper. Spread with the sauce.
  3. Bake salmon until just opaque in center, about 20 minutes.

Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

Vegetarian Spaghetti Sauce

  1. In a medium skillet, heat oil. Sauté onions, garlic, and zucchini in oil for 5 minutes on medium heat.
  2. Add remaining ingredients and simmer covered for 45 minutes. Serve over whole grain pasta, cooked without salt.

Source: Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with DASH, U.S. Health and Human Services.

References

Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Executive summary: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2019;140(11):e563-e595. PMID: 30879339 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30879339/.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) website. Living with the DASH eating plan. www.nhlbi.nih.gov/education/dash/living-with-dash. Updated December 29, 2021. Accessed January 16, 2024.

US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. 9th ed. www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans_2020-2025.pdf. Updated December 2020. Accessed June 14, 2022.

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Review Date: 6/22/2022  

Reviewed By: Stefania Manetti, RD/N, CDCES, RYT200, My Vita Sana LLC - Nourish and heal through food, San Jose, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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