Pronunciation:

klin-da-MYE-sin

Brand Names:

• Cleocin Phosphate IV

Dosage Forms:

• Solution

Warnings:

Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported and may range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Colectomy has been required with some antibiotic-resistant CDAD infections, and clindamycin therapy has been associated with fatal colitis. CDAD onset may occur more than 2 months after cessation of antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to consider this diagnosis in patients who present with diarrhea after antibacterial treatment. Clindamycin should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate. Do not use clindamycin to treat nonbacterial infections (eg, most upper respiratory tract infections). Consider discontinuation of ongoing antibiotic treatment not directed against C difficile if CDAD is suspected or confirmed. Supportive treatment may include fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C difficile, and surgical evaluation when clinically indicated .

Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported and may range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Colectomy has been required with some antibiotic-resistant CDAD infections, and clindamycin therapy has been associated with fatal colitis. CDAD onset may occur more than 2 months after cessation of antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to consider this diagnosis in patients who present with diarrhea after antibacterial treatment. Clindamycin should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate. Do not use clindamycin to treat nonbacterial infections (eg, most upper respiratory tract infections). Consider discontinuation of ongoing antibiotic treatment not directed against C difficile if CDAD is suspected or confirmed. Supportive treatment may include fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C difficile, and surgical evaluation when clinically indicated .

Classifications:

Therapeutic—

Antibiotic

Chemical—

Lincosamide

Uses of This Medicine:

Clindamycin injection is used to treat bacterial infections in different areas of the body. This medicine is given to patients who had an allergic reaction to penicillin.

Clindamycin belongs to the class of medicines known as macrolide antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth. However, this medicine will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.

This medicine is to be given only by or under the direct supervision of your doctor.

Before Using This Medicine:

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:

Allergies—

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Children—

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of clindamycin injection in children.

Older adults—

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of clindamycin injection in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have diarrhea, which may require caution and adjustment in the dose for patients receiving this medicine.

Breast-feeding—

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Other medicines—

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

• Cholera Vaccine, Live
• Erythromycin
• Fedratinib
• Mavacamten
• Omaveloxolone
• Phenobarbital
• Primidone

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

• Atracurium
• Metocurine
• Tubocurarine

Other interactions—

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Other medical problems—

The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:

• Atopic syndrome or
• Diarrhea or
• Kidney disease or
• Liver disease, severe or
• Stomach or bowel problems, history of—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.

Proper Use of This Medicine:

A nurse or other trained health professional will give you or your child this medicine in a hospital. This medicine is given as a shot into a muscle or into a vein.

Your doctor will give you or your child a few doses of this medicine until your condition improves, and then switch you to an oral medicine that works the same way. If you have any concerns about this, talk to your doctor.

Precautions While Using This Medicine:

It is important that your doctor check your or your child's progress after treatment. This is to make sure that the infection is cleared up completely, and to allow your doctor to check for any unwanted effects. Blood tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.

This medicine may cause diarrhea, and in some cases it can be severe. It may occur 2 months or more after you or your child stop using this medicine. Do not take any medicine to treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor. If you have any questions or if mild diarrhea continues or gets worse, check with your doctor.

This medicine contains benzyl alcohol, which may cause serious reactions (eg, gasping syndrome) to newborn or premature babies. Discuss this with your doctor if you are concerned.

Check with your doctor right away if you have bloody urine, a decrease in frequency or amount of urine, an increase in blood pressure, increased thirst, loss of appetite, lower back or side pain, nausea, swelling of the face, fingers, or lower legs, trouble breathing, unusual tiredness or weakness, vomiting, or weight gain. These could be symptoms of a serious kidney problem.

Serious skin reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and Stevens-Johnson syndrome can occur with this medicine. Check with your doctor right away if you or your child have black, tarry stools, blistering, peeling, or loose skin, chest pain, chills, cough, diarrhea, itching, joint or muscle pain, painful or difficult urination, red irritated eyes, red skin lesions, often with a purple center, sore throat, sores, ulcers, or white spots in the mouth or on the lips, swollen glands, trouble breathing, unusual bleeding or bruising, or unusual tiredness or weakness while you or your child are receiving this medicine.

This medicine may cause a serious allergic reaction called anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you have a rash, itching, trouble breathing, trouble swallowing, or any swelling of your hands, face, or mouth while you or your child are receiving this medicine.

Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.

Side Effects of This Medicine:

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor or nurse immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare

Cracks in the skin

loss of heat from the body

red, swollen skin

scaly skin

Incidence not known

Agitation

black, tarry stools

bleeding gums

blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin

bloating

blood in the urine or stools

blurred vision

chest pain or tightness

chills

clay-colored stools

cloudy urine

coma

confusion

cough or hoarseness

dark urine

decrease in the amount of urine

depression

diarrhea

diarrhea, watery and severe, which may also be bloody

difficulty with swallowing

dizziness

dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position

dry mouth

fast heartbeat

fever with or without chills

general feeling of tiredness or weakness

headache

heart stops

hives or welts, itching, or skin rash

hostility

increased thirst

irritability

itching of the vagina or genital area

joint or muscle pain

lethargy

loss of appetite

lower back or side pain

muscle twitching

nausea or vomiting

no breathing

no pulse or blood pressure

pain during sexual intercourse

pain in the lower back or side

pain, tenderness, or swelling of the foot or leg

painful or difficult urination

pinpoint red spots on the skin

puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue

rapid weight gain

rash with flat lesions or small raised lesions on the skin

red skin lesions, often with a purple center

red, irritated eyes

redness of the skin

seizures

sore throat

sores, ulcers, or white spots in the mouth or on the lips

stomach cramps, pain, or tenderness

swelling of the face, ankles, or hands

swollen glands

thick, white vaginal discharge with no odor or with a mild odor

thirst

unconscious

unpleasant breath odor

unusual bleeding or bruising

unusual tiredness or weakness

unusual weight loss

vomiting of blood

yellow eyes or skin

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

Incidence not known

Bitter taste

changes in skin color

pain, lump, or irritation at the injection site

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.