Bupropion (Oral route)

Pronunciation:

bue-PROE-pee-on

Brand Names:

Aplenzin
Budeprion SR
Budeprion XL
Buproban
Forfivo XL
Wellbutrin
Wellbutrin SR
Wellbutrin XL
Zyban

Dosage Forms:

Tablet, Extended Release, 24 HR
Tablet, Extended Release, 12 HR
Tablet
Tablet, Extended Release

Warnings:

Oral route(Tablet, Extended Release)

Suicidality and Antidepressant DrugsAntidepressants increased the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term trials. These trials did not show an increase in the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior with antidepressant use in subjects aged 65 and older .In patients of all ages who are started on antidepressant therapy, monitor closely for worsening, and for emergence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Advise families and caregivers of the need for close observation and communication with the prescriber .

Oral route(Tablet;Tablet, Extended Release)

Suicidality and Antidepressant DrugsAlthough Zyban(R) is not indicated for treatment of depression, it contains the same active ingredient as the antidepressant medications Wellbutrin(R), Wellbutrin(R) SR, and Wellbutrin XL(R) . Antidepressants increased the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term trials. These trials did not show an increase in the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior with antidepressant use in subjects over age 24; there was a reduction in risk with antidepressant use in subjects aged 65 and older. In patients of all ages who are started on antidepressant therapy, monitor closely for worsening, and for emergence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Advise families and caregivers of the need for close observation and communication with the prescriber BuPROPion hydrochloride extended-release tablet is not approved for use in pediatric patients .

Classifications:

Therapeutic—

Antidepressant

Chemical—

Aminoketone

Uses of This Medicine:

Bupropion is used to treat depression and to prevent depression in patients with seasonal affective disorder (SAD), which is sometimes called winter depression. It is also used as part of a support program to help people stop smoking.

Bupropion is sold under different brand names. If you are already taking medicine for depression or to help you stop smoking, discuss this with your doctor before taking bupropion. It is very important that you receive only one prescription at a time for bupropion.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.

Before Using This Medicine:

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:

Allergies—

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Children—

Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of bupropion in the pediatric population. However, children are more sensitive to the effects of this medicine than adults when used for treating depression. Use of bupropion to treat depression in children is not recommended. Safety and efficacy of bupropion to help stop smoking have not been established in children.

Older adults—

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of bupropion in the elderly. However, elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of this medicine and are more likely to have age-related kidney or liver problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving bupropion.

Breast-feeding—

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Other medicines—

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.

Bromopride
Eliglustat
Furazolidone
Iproniazid
Isocarboxazid
Linezolid
Methylene Blue
Moclobemide
Nialamide
Ozanimod
Phenelzine
Procarbazine
Rasagiline
Selegiline
Tranylcypromine

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Acetophenazine
Aclidinium
Acrivastine
Acyclovir
Alcaftadine
Alfentanil
Amantadine
Ambenonium
Amdinocillin
Amdinocillin Pivoxil
Amiloride
Amineptine
Aminophylline
Amitriptyline
Amitriptylinoxide
Amoxapine
Amphetamine
Amphotericin B
Ampicillin
Anisotropine
Antazoline
Aripiprazole
Astemizole
Atomoxetine
Atovaquone
Atropine
Azatadine
Azelastine
Azlocillin
Aztreonam
Bacampicillin
Baclofen
Balofloxacin
Belladonna Alkaloids
Benperidol
Benzhydrocodone
Benzphetamine
Bepotastine
Besifloxacin
Betamethasone
Bornaprine
Brexpiprazole
Bromodiphenhydramine
Bromperidol
Brompheniramine
Buclizine
Budesonide
Bupivacaine
Buprenorphine
Buspirone
Busulfan
Butorphanol
Butriptyline
Butylscopolamine
Carbamazepine
Carbenicillin
Carbimazole
Carbinoxamine
Carvedilol
Chlorambucil
Chloroquine
Chlorotrianisene
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorphenoxamine
Chlorpromazine
Chlorprothixene
Cimetidine
Cimetropium
Cinnarizine
Ciprofloxacin
Citalopram
Clemastine
Clemizole
Clidinium
Clobetasone
Clomipramine
Clopidogrel
Clothiapine
Clovoxamine
Cloxacillin
Clozapine
Cocaine
Codeine
Conjugated Estrogens
Corticotropin
Cortisone
Cosyntropin
Cyclacillin
Cyclizine
Cyclopentolate
Cyclosporine
Cyproheptadine
Dabrafenib
Dalfampridine
Danazol
Darifenacin
Deflazacort
Delavirdine
Demecarium
Desipramine
Desonide
Desvenlafaxine
Deutetrabenazine
Dexamethasone
Dexbrompheniramine
Dexchlorpheniramine
Dextroamphetamine
Dextromethorphan
Dibenzepin
Dicloxacillin
Dicyclomine
Dienestrol
Diethylstilbestrol
Difenoxin
Dihydroartemisinin
Dihydrocodeine
Dimenhydrinate
Dimethindene
Diphenhydramine
Diphenoxylate
Diphenylpyraline
Distigmine
Dixyrazine
Donepezil
Dopamine
Dothiepin
Doxepin
Doxofylline
Doxorubicin
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome
Doxylamine
Droperidol
Duloxetine
Ebastine
Echothiophate
Edrophonium
Efavirenz
Emedastine
Enflurane
Enoxacin
Epinastine
Escitalopram
Esterified Estrogens
Estradiol
Estramustine
Estriol
Estrone
Estropipate
Ethinyl Estradiol
Ethopropazine
Etomidate
Famotidine
Femoxetine
Fenfluramine
Fentanyl
Fesoterodine
Fexinidazole
Flavoxate
Flecainide
Floxacillin
Fludrocortisone
Flumequine
Flunarizine
Flunisolide
Fluoxetine
Fluphenazine
Fluticasone
Fluvoxamine
Foscarnet
Fosphenytoin
Galantamine
Ganciclovir
Gatifloxacin
Glycopyrrolate
Guanidine
Halofantrine
Haloperidol
Hetacillin
Homatropine
Hydrocodone
Hydrocortisone
Hydromorphone
Hydroxyamphetamine
Hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxyzine
Hyoscyamine
Ifosfamide
Imipenem
Imipramine
Indalpine
Iobenguane I 123
Iobenguane I 131
Iprindole
Isoflurane
Isoflurophate
Isoniazid
Isopropamide
Ketamine
Ketotifen
Lemborexant
Levocabastine
Levodopa
Levofloxacin
Levomilnacipran
Levorphanol
Lidocaine
Lindane
Lisdexamfetamine
Lithium
Lofepramine
Lomefloxacin
Lopinavir
Loxapine
Maprotiline
Mebeverine
Mebhydrolin
Meclizine
Mefenamic Acid
Mefloquine
Melitracen
Melperone
Memantine
Mepenzolate
Meperidine
Meropenem
Mesoridazine
Mestranol
Metformin
Methadone
Methamphetamine
Methantheline
Methdilazine
Methenolone
Methicillin
Methimazole
Methixene
Methotrimeprazine
Methylphenidate
Methylprednisolone
Methyltestosterone
Metoclopramide
Metopimazine
Metronidazole
Mexiletine
Mezlocillin
Midostaurin
Milnacipran
Mirtazapine
Mizolastine
Morphine
Moxifloxacin
Nadifloxacin
Nafcillin
Nalbuphine
Nalidixic Acid
Nandrolone
Nebivolol
Nefazodone
Neostigmine
Nevirapine
Niaprazine
Norfloxacin
Nortriptyline
Ofloxacin
Olanzapine
Olopatadine
Ondansetron
Opipramol
Oxacillin
Oxaliplatin
Oxandrolone
Oxatomide
Oxybutynin
Oxycodone
Oxymetholone
Oxymorphone
Paramethasone
Paroxetine
Pazufloxacin
Pefloxacin
Penicillin G
Penicillin V
Pentazocine
Perazine
Periciazine
Perphenazine
Phenindamine
Pheniramine
Phenobarbital
Phenylpropanolamine
Phenyltoloxamine
Phenytoin
Physostigmine
Pimozide
Pinaverium
Pindolol
Pipamperone
Piperacillin
Piperaquine
Pipotiazine
Pirenzepine
Pitolisant
Pivampicillin
Pizotyline
Polyestradiol Phosphate
Prednisolone
Prednisone
Procainamide
Procaine
Prochlorperazine
Proguanil
Promazine
Promestriene
Promethazine
Propafenone
Propantheline
Propicillin
Propiverine
Propizepine
Propofol
Propoxyphene
Propranolol
Protriptyline
Prulifloxacin
Pyrilamine
Quetiapine
Quinacrine
Quinestrol
Ranitidine
Remifentanil
Rifampin
Rimexolone
Risperidone
Ritonavir
Rivastigmine
Rufloxacin
Safinamide
Scopolamine
Sertraline
Sevoflurane
Sibutramine
Solifenacin
Sparfloxacin
Sparsentan
Stanozolol
Sufentanil
Sulbenicillin
Sultamicillin
Sumatriptan
Tacrine
Tapentadol
Temocillin
Terfenadine
Testosterone
Theophylline
Thiethylperazine
Thiopropazate
Thioproperazine
Thioridazine
Thiotepa
Thiothixene
Thonzylamine
Tianeptine
Tibolone
Ticarcillin
Ticlopidine
Timiperone
Timolol
Tolterodine
Tramadol
Trifluoperazine
Triflupromazine
Trimeprazine
Trimipramine
Tripelennamine
Triprolidine
Tropicamide
Trospium
Umeclidinium
Valbenazine
Valethamate
Varenicline
Venlafaxine
Vortioxetine
Zidovudine
Zuclopenthixol

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.

Aripiprazole Lauroxil
Digoxin
Isavuconazonium Sulfate
Lofexidine
Metoprolol
Nirmatrelvir
St John's Wort
Tipranavir

Other interactions—

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Using this medicine with any of the following is usually not recommended, but may be unavoidable in some cases. If used together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use this medicine, or give you special instructions about the use of food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Ethanol

Other medical problems—

The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:

Alcohol use, if stopped suddenly, or
Eating disorders (eg, anorexia, bulimia), history of or
Seizures, history of or
Seizure medicine use, if stopped suddenly (eg, carbamazepine (Tegretol®), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin®)), or
Sleeping or anxiety medicine use, if stopped suddenly (eg, alprazolam (Xanax®), lorazepam (Ativan®), temazepam (Restoril®), triazolam (Halcion®))—Should not be used in patients with these conditions.

Arteriovenous malformation (circulation problem) or
Brain tumor or infection or
Diabetes or
Drug or alcohol abuse or
Head injury, severe or
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or
Hyponatremia (low sodium in the blood) or
Hypoxia (low oxygen in the blood) or
Liver disease, severe
Stroke, history of—May increase the risk of seizures.

Bipolar disorder (type of depression), or risk of or
Glaucoma, angle closure or
Hypertension (high blood pressure) or
Mania or hypomania (type of mental disease), history of or
Psychosis (type of mental disease) or
Schizophrenia (type of mental disease)—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.

Kidney disease or
Liver disease—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body.

Proper Use of This Medicine:

Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor. Do not use more of it, do not use it more often, and do not use it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects.

This medicine should come with a Medication Guide. Read and follow these instructions carefully. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.

Use only the brand of this medicine that your doctor prescribed. Different brands may not work the same way.

Swallow the tablet whole. Do not break, crush, or chew it.

You may take this medicine with or without food. But if you have nausea, take the medicine with food.

A part of the extended-release tablet may pass into your stool. This is normal and is nothing to worry about.

Use of Zyban® tablets:

You may continue to smoke for about 1 week after you start the medicine.
Set a target date to quit smoking during your second week of treatment.
If you are still having trouble with quitting after using the medicine for at least 7 weeks, talk to your doctor.
If you use a nicotine product (eg, patch) together with Zyban®, do not smoke. Smoking may increase the chance for serious side effects.

If you have trouble sleeping (insomnia), do not take this medicine too close to bedtime.

If you use this medicine to prevent depression with seasonal affective disorder, take it during the autumn season before your symptoms start. Continue using the medicine through the winter season and until early spring.

Dosing—

The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

For oral dosage form (extended-release tablets):
- For depression:
  - Adults—
    - Aplenzin®: At first, 174 milligrams (mg) once a day in the morning. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 522 mg per day.
    - Forfivo XL®: 450 mg once a day.
    - Wellbutrin XL®: At first, 150 mg once a day in the morning. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 450 mg per day.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- For seasonal affective disorder:
  - Adults—
    - Aplenzin®: At first, 174 milligrams (mg) once a day in the morning. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 522 mg per day.
    - Wellbutrin XL®: At first, 150 mg once a day in the morning. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 300 mg once a day.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For oral dosage form (sustained-release tablets):
- For depression:
  - Adults—At first, 150 milligrams (mg) once a day in the morning. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 200 mg two times per day, taken at least 8 hours apart.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- To quit smoking:
  - Adults—At first, 150 milligrams (mg) once a day for the first 3 days. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 300 mg per day.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For oral dosage form (tablets):
- For depression:
  - Adults—At first, 100 milligrams (mg) two times per day. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 150 mg three times per day, taken at least 6 hours apart.
  - Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Missed dose—

If you miss a dose of this medicine, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

If you are taking the Wellbutrin XL® extended-release tablet and you miss a dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule.

Storage—

Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.

Precautions While Using This Medicine:

It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to make sure this medicine is working properly and to check for unwanted effects.

Do not take bupropion with a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor (eg, isocarboxazid [Marplan®], linezolid [Zyvox®], phenelzine [Nardil®], selegiline [Eldepryl®], tranylcypromine [Parnate®]). Do not start taking bupropion during the 2 weeks after you stop a MAO inhibitor. Wait for 2 weeks after stopping bupropion before you start taking a MAO inhibitor. If you take them together or do not wait 2 weeks, you may have confusion, agitation, restlessness, stomach or bowel symptoms, a sudden high body temperature, an extremely high blood pressure, or severe convulsions.

Check with your doctor before using this medicine with alcohol or other medicines that affect the central nervous system (CNS). The use of alcohol or other medicines that affect the CNS with bupropion may worsen the side effects of this medicine, such as dizziness, poor concentration, drowsiness, unusual dreams, and trouble with sleeping. Some examples of medicines that affect the CNS are antihistamines or medicine for allergies or colds, sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicines, medicine for depression, medicine for anxiety, prescription pain medicine or narcotics, medicine for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, medicine for seizures or barbiturates, muscle relaxants, or anesthetics, including some dental anesthetics.

Bupropion may cause some people to be agitated, irritable, or display other abnormal behaviors. It may also cause some people to have suicidal thoughts and tendencies, or to become more depressed. Make sure the doctor knows if you have trouble sleeping, get upset easily, have a big increase in energy, or start to act reckless. Also tell your doctor if you have sudden or strong feelings, such as feeling nervous, angry, restless, violent, or scared. If you or your caregiver notice any of these side effects, tell your doctor right away.

Your blood pressure might get too high while you are using this medicine. This may cause headaches, dizziness, or blurred vision. You might need to measure your blood pressure at home. If you think your blood pressure is too high, call your doctor right away.

This medicine may cause a serious type of allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you have a rash, itching, swelling of the face, tongue, or throat, trouble breathing, or chest pain.

Serious skin reactions can occur with this medicine. Check with your doctor right away if you have blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin, red skin lesions, severe acne or a skin rash, sores or ulcers on the skin, or fever or chills with this medicine.

Drinking alcoholic beverages should be limited or avoided, if possible, with bupropion. This will help prevent seizures.

This medicine may cause some people to have a false sense of wellbeing, or to become drowsy, dizzy, or less alert than they are normally. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are drowsy, dizzy, or less alert.

Do not stop taking this medicine without checking first with your doctor. Your doctor may want you to gradually reduce the amount you are taking before stopping it completely. This is to decrease the chance of having certain side effects when you stop the medicine, such as agitation, anxiety, dizziness, a feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings, headaches, increased sweating, nausea, trembling or shaking, trouble with sleeping or walking, or unusual tiredness.

Check with your doctor right away if you have pain or tenderness in the upper stomach, pale stools, dark urine, loss of appetite, nausea, unusual tiredness or weakness, or yellow eyes or skin. These could be symptoms of a serious liver problem.

This medicine may cause a change in your appetite or weight. Your doctor may need to check your weight on a regular basis.

Before you have any medical tests, tell the medical doctor in charge that you are taking this medicine. The results of some tests may be affected by this medicine.

Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.

Side Effects of This Medicine:

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

More common: Anxiety; dry mouth; hyperventilation; irregular heartbeats; irritability; restlessness; shaking; trouble sleeping

Less common: Buzzing or ringing in the ears; headache (severe); skin rash, hives, or itching

Rare: Confusion; fainting; false beliefs that cannot be changed by facts; having extreme distrust of people; seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there; seizures; trouble concentrating

Incidence not known: Actions that are out of control; anger; assaulting or attacking others; being aggressive or impulsive; chest pain or discomfort; fast or pounding heartbeat; force; inability to sit still; need to keep moving; sweating; talking, feeling, or acting with excitement

Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:

Symptoms of overdose: Lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting; loss of consciousness; slow or irregular heartbeat; unusual tiredness

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

More common: Constipation; decrease in appetite; dizziness; increased sweating; stomach pain; trembling; unusual weight loss

Less common: Blurred vision; change in sense of taste; drowsiness; frequent need to urinate; sore throat; unusual feeling of well-being

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Last Updated: 11/16/2023

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