Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a wide range of symptoms. The symptoms start during the second half of the menstrual cycle (14 or more days after the first day of your last menstrual period). These usually go away 1 to 2 days after the menstrual period starts.
Marfan syndrome is a disorder of connective tissue which causes skeletal defects typically recognized in a tall, lanky person. A person with Marfan syndrome may exhibit long limbs and spider-like fingers, chest abnormalities, curvature of the spine and a particular set of facial features including a highly arched palate, and crowded teeth. The most significant of the defects in the syndrome are cardiovascular abnormalities, which may include enlargement (dilatation) of the base of the aorta. Since Marfan syndrome is usually an inherited disorder, prospective parents with a family history of Marfan syndrome should get genetic counseling.
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Relieving PMS
The cause of premenstrual syndrome is not known but severe symptoms have been shown to be responsive to lifestyle changes. Getting exercise several times a week, eating a balanced diet, getting adequate sleep, and reducing or eliminating caffeine and alcohol are some of the changes most often recommended.
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Depression and the menstrual cycle
A form of depression exclusive to women, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a syndrome of depressive symptoms brought about by monthly hormonal fluctuation.
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Yellow nail syndrome
Yellow nail syndrome is characterized by yellow nails that lack a cuticle, grow slowly, and are loose or detached (onycholysis). Yellow nail syndrome is most commonly associated with lung disorders, and with lymphedema.
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CREST syndrome
The symptoms involved in CREST syndrome are associated with the generalized form of the disease Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). CREST is an acronym for the clinical features that are seen in a patient with this disease. The "C" stands for calcinosis, where calcium deposits form under the skin on the fingers or other areas of the body. The "R", stands for Raynaud's phenomenon, spasm of blood vessels in the fingers or toes in response to cold or stress. The "E" represents esophageal dysmotility, which can cause difficulty in swallowing. The "S" is for sclerodactyly, tightening of the skin causing the fingers to bend. Finally, the letter "T" is for telangiectasia, dilated vessels on the skin of the fingers, face, or inside of the mouth. Usually only 2 of the 5 symptoms of the CREST syndrome is necessary to be diagnosed with the disease.
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Basal cell nevus syndrome - close-up of palm
Basal cell nevus syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by wide-set eyes, saddle nose, frontal bossing (prominent forehead), prognathism (prominent chin), numerous basal cell carcinomas, and skeletal abnormalities. Skin manifestations include pits in the palms and soles, and numerous basal cell carcinomas. This picture is a close-up of the pits found in the palm of an individual with basal cell nevus syndrome.
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Basal cell nevus syndrome - plantar pits
Basal cell nevus syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by wide-set eyes, saddle nose, frontal bossing (prominent forehead), prognathism (prominent chin), and skeletal abnormalities. Skin manifestations include pits in the palms and soles, and numerous basal cell carcinomas (skin cancers). This picture is a close-up of the pits found on the sole of the foot of an individual with basal cell nevus syndrome.
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Sturge-Weber syndrome - legs
Sturge-Weber syndrome is a disease that affects the skin and nervous system (neurocutaneous) and is associated with Port Wine Stain, red vascular markings on the face and other parts of the body (shown here on the legs). This is an unusual case, due to the large size of the lesion (extensive involvement). Occasionally seizures or learning disorders are also associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome.
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Dumping syndrome
Dumping syndrome occurs when the contents of the stomach empty too quickly into the small intestine. The partially digested food draws excess fluid into the small intestine causing nausea, cramping, diarrhea, sweating, faintness, and palpitations. Dumping usually occurs after the consumption of too much simple or refined sugar in people who have had surgery to modify or remove all or part of the stomach.
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Fetal alcohol syndrome
Infants born to mothers who drink, even in modest amounts, may be born with fetal alcohol syndrome, which often consists of growth retardation, unusual facial features, and intellectual disability.
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Asperger syndrome - Animation
You sense something is different about your child. He appears to have a tough time fitting in with other children. Maybe your child repeats behaviors, like being obsessed about something, again and again and again. Let's talk about what causes Asperger syndrome. Asperger syndrome is often considered a high functioning form of autism. It is more common in boys than girls, but the cause is unknown. More than likely your child's brain just works differently than other children's brains. How do you know for sure that your child has Asperger syndrome?People with Asperger syndrome become obsessed with a single object or topic. They want to know everything about this topic, and may talk about little else. A child with Asperger syndrome will not withdraw from the world like someone with classic autism does. But they may have problems in social situations that lead to isolation. Common symptoms of people with Asperger syndrome may seem like their body language may be off; They may speak in a monotone voice; They may not respond to other people's comments or emotions. They may not understand humor or a figure of speech. They may speak too loudly in social settings. They may have problems with eye contact, facial expressions, or body language. They may have a hard time forming relationships with other people. Problems are usually obvious by the age of 3, but children are often not diagnosed with Asperger syndrome until they are 7 years old. Your child's doctor will look for a group of behaviors. Does your child have abnormal eye contact? Does he fail to turn when called by name? Does he fail to interact with others?So, how do we treat Asperger syndrome?The symptoms of Asperger syndrome can't be cured, but most children improve with behavior management and social skills training. Talk therapy can help your child manage their emotions, repetitive behaviors, and obsessions. Your child may need physical or occupational therapy, to help with motor skills and sensory problems. Speech therapy can help your child learn the skill of everyday conversation. Parents can learn how to help their child grow into well-adjusted adults. With treatment, many children and their families can learn to cope with Asperger syndrome. Your child may always have problems with social interaction and personal relationships, but many children with Asperger syndrome grow up to have good jobs and lead independent lives.
Review Date:
4/16/2024+
Reviewed By:
John D. Jacobson, MD, Professor Emeritus, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
