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Tensilon test

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Myasthenia gravis - Tensilon test
Edrophonium test

The Tensilon test is a method to help diagnose myasthenia gravis.

How the Test is Performed

A medicine called Tensilon (also called edrophonium) is given during this test. The health care provider gives the medicine through one of your veins (intravenously, through an IV). You may also be given a medicine called atropine before receiving Tensilon to reduce chances of side effects. Your heart rate may be monitored to make sure the medicine doesn't slow your heart down.

You will be observed for any improvement in strength from the medicine. Muscles that are weak will be tested before and right after the medicine is given. Any weak muscles are monitored, although the muscles of the eyes or face are most commonly tested.

The test may be repeated and you may have other Tensilon tests to help tell the difference between myasthenia gravis and other conditions.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special preparation is usually necessary. Follow your provider's instructions about how to prepare.

How the Test will Feel

You will feel a sharp prick as the IV needle is inserted. The medicine may cause a feeling of a churning of the stomach or a slight feeling of decreased heart rate, especially if atropine is not given first.

Why the Test is Performed

The test helps:

  • Diagnose myasthenia gravis
  • Tell the difference between myasthenia gravis and other similar brain and nervous system conditions
  • Monitor treatment with oral anticholinesterase drugs

The test may also be done for conditions such as Lambert-Eaton syndrome. This is a disorder in which faulty communication between nerves and muscles leads to muscle weakness.

What Abnormal Results Mean

In many people with myasthenia gravis, the muscle weakness will improve right after receiving Tensilon. The improvement lasts only a few minutes. For some types of myasthenia, Tensilon may make the weakness worse.

When the disease gets worse enough to need treatment (myasthenic crisis), there is a brief improvement in muscle strength.

When there is an overdose of anticholinesterase (cholinergic crisis), Tensilon will make the person even weaker.

Risks

The medicine used during the test may cause side effects, including low heart rate, fainting, nausea, or breathing failure. This is why the test is done by a provider in a medical setting.

Review Date: 1/23/2023

Reviewed By

Joseph V. Campellone, MD, Department of Neurology, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

References

Guptill JT, Sanders DB. Disorders of neuromuscular transmission. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 108.

Naji A, Owens ML. Edrophonium. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554566/. Published January 2022. Updated September 3, 2022.

Zhou J, Nozari A, Bateman B, Allen PD, Pessah IN. Neuromuscular disorders including malignant hyperthermia and other genetic disorders. In: Gropper MA, ed. Miller's Anesthesia. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 35.

Disclaimer

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. No warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, is made as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, or correctness of any translations made by a third-party service of the information provided herein into any other language. © 1997- A.D.A.M., a business unit of Ebix, Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

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Muscle fatigue - Illustration Thumbnail

Muscle fatigue

Holding your arms above your shoulders until they drop is one exercise that may be performed during the Tensilon test. In this test, the drug Tensilon is administered, and the response in the muscles are evaluated to help diagnose myasthenia gravis or to help differentiate between myasthenia gravis and other conditions.

Illustration

 
 
Muscle fatigue - Illustration Thumbnail

Muscle fatigue

Holding your arms above your shoulders until they drop is one exercise that may be performed during the Tensilon test. In this test, the drug Tensilon is administered, and the response in the muscles are evaluated to help diagnose myasthenia gravis or to help differentiate between myasthenia gravis and other conditions.

Illustration

 
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