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Skull x-ray

Show Alternative Names
X-ray - head
X-ray - skull
Skull radiography
Head x-ray

A skull x-ray is a picture of the bones surrounding the brain, including the facial bones, the nose, and the sinuses.

How the Test is Performed

You lie on the x-ray table or sit in a chair. Your head may be placed in different positions.

How to Prepare for the Test

Tell the health care provider if you are pregnant or think you are pregnant. Remove all jewelry.

How the Test will Feel

There is little or no discomfort during an x-ray. If there is a head injury, positioning the head may be uncomfortable.

Why the Test is Performed

Your doctor may order this x-ray if you have injured your skull. You may also have this x-ray if you have symptoms or signs of a structural problem inside the skull, such as a tumor or bleeding.

A skull x-ray is also used to evaluate an unusually shaped child's head.

Other conditions for which the test may be performed include:

Sometimes skull x-rays are used to screen for foreign bodies that may interfere with other tests, such as an MRI scan.

A CT scan of the head is usually preferred to a skull x-ray to evaluate most head injuries or brain disorders. Skull x-rays are rarely used as the main test to diagnose such conditions.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal results may be due to:

  • Fracture
  • Tumor
  • Breakdown (erosion) or calcium loss of the bone
  • Movement of the soft tissues inside the skull

A skull x-ray may detect increased intracranial pressure and unusual skull structures that are present at birth (congenital).

Risks

There is low radiation exposure. X-rays are monitored and regulated to provide the minimum amount of radiation exposure needed to produce the image. Most experts feel that the risk is low compared with the benefits. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks associated with x-rays.

Review Date: 11/2/2022

Reviewed By

Evelyn O. Berman, MD, Assistant Professor of Neurology and Pediatrics at University of Rochester, Rochester, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

References

Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Radiography of skull, chest, and cervical spine - diagnostic. In: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures. 6th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013:953-954.

Magee DJ, Manske RC. Head and face. In: Magee DJ, ed. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 2.

Mettler FA Jr. Head and soft tissues of face and neck. In: Mettler FA, ed. Essentials of Radiology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 2.

Disclaimer

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. No warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, is made as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, or correctness of any translations made by a third-party service of the information provided herein into any other language. © 1997- A.D.A.M., a business unit of Ebix, Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

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X-ray - Illustration Thumbnail

X-ray

X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that can penetrate the body to form an image on film. Structures that are dense (such as bone) will appear white, air will be black, and other structures will be shades of gray depending on density. X-rays can provide information about obstructions, tumors, and other diseases.

Illustration

Skull of an adult - Illustration Thumbnail

Skull of an adult

This picture shows a normal skull of an adult.

Illustration

 
 
X-ray - Illustration Thumbnail

X-ray

X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that can penetrate the body to form an image on film. Structures that are dense (such as bone) will appear white, air will be black, and other structures will be shades of gray depending on density. X-rays can provide information about obstructions, tumors, and other diseases.

Illustration

Skull of an adult - Illustration Thumbnail

Skull of an adult

This picture shows a normal skull of an adult.

Illustration

 
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