BACK TOTOP Browse A-ZSearchBrowse A-ZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0-9 E-mail FormEmail ResultsName:Email address:Recipients Name:Recipients address:Message: Print-FriendlyBookmarksbookmarks-menuMagnesium in dietDiet - magnesiumMagnesium is an essential mineral for human nutrition. Function Magnesium is needed for more than 300 biochemical reactions in the body. It helps to maintain normal nerve and muscle function, supports a healthy immune system, keeps the heartbeat steady, and helps bones remain strong. It also helps adjust blood glucose levels. It aids in the production of energy and protein.There is ongoing research into the role of magnesium in preventing and managing disorders such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes. However, taking magnesium supplements is not currently advised. Diets high in protein, calcium, or vitamin D will increase the need for magnesium. Food Sources Most dietary magnesium comes from dark green, leafy vegetables. Other foods that are good sources of magnesium are:Fruits (such as bananas, dried apricots, and avocados) Nuts (such as almonds and cashews) Peas and beans (legumes), seeds Soy products (such as soy flour and tofu) Whole grains (such as brown rice and millet) Milk Side Effects Side effects from high magnesium intake are not common, except in people with significantly reduced kidney function. The body generally removes extra amounts. Magnesium excess most often occurs when a person is:Taking in too much of the mineral in supplement form Taking laxatives that contain magnesiumAlthough you may not get enough magnesium from your diet, it is rare to be truly lacking in magnesium. The symptoms of such a shortage include:Hyperexcitability Muscle weakness SleepinessLack of magnesium can occur in people who abuse alcohol or in those who absorb less magnesium including:People with gastrointestinal disease or surgery causing malabsorption MalabsorptionMalabsorption involves problems with the body's ability to take in (absorb) nutrients from food.Read Article Now Book Mark Article Older adults People with type 2 diabetesType 2 diabetesType 2 diabetes is a lifelong (chronic) disease in which there is a high level of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Type 2 diabetes is the most common f...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Symptoms due to a lack of magnesium have three categories.Early symptoms:Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting Fatigue WeaknessModerate deficiency symptoms:Numbness Tingling Muscle contractions and cramps Seizures Personality changes Abnormal heart rhythmsSevere deficiency:Low blood calcium level (hypocalcemia) Low blood potassium level (hypokalemia) Recommendations Dosages for magnesium, as well as other nutrients, are provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) developed by the Food and Nutrition Board at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. DRI is a term for a set of reference intakes that are used to plan and assess the nutrient intakes of healthy people. These values, which vary by age and sex, include:Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA): The average daily level of intake that is enough to meet the nutrient needs of nearly all (97% to 98%) healthy people. An RDA is an intake level based on scientific research evidence. Adequate Intake (AI): This level is established when there is not enough scientific research evidence to develop an RDA. It is set at a level that is thought to ensure enough nutrition.Dietary Reference Intakes for magnesium:InfantsBirth to 6 months: 30 milligrams per day (mg/day)* 6 months to 1 year: 75 mg/day**AI or Adequate IntakeChildren1 to 3 years old: 80 mg/day 4 to 8 years old: 130 mg/day 9 to 13 years old: 240 mg/day 14 to 18 years old (boys): 410 mg/day 14 to 18 years old (girls): 360 mg/dayAdultsAdult males: 400 to 420 mg/day Adult females: 310 to 320 mg/day Pregnancy: 350 to 400 mg/day Breastfeeding women: 310 to 360 mg/dayOpen ReferencesReferencesNational Institutes of Health website. Magnesium: fact sheet for health professionals. ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/. Updated June 2, 2022. Accessed February 9, 2023.Yu ASL. Disorders of magnesium and phosphorus. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 111.AllVideoImagesTogSelf Care Understanding the DASH dietRelated Information Review Date: 1/19/2023 Reviewed By: Stefania Manetti, RD/N, CDCES, RYT200, My Vita Sana LLC - Nourish and heal through food, San Jose, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. 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Magnesium in dietDiet - magnesiumMagnesium is an essential mineral for human nutrition. Function Magnesium is needed for more than 300 biochemical reactions in the body. It helps to maintain normal nerve and muscle function, supports a healthy immune system, keeps the heartbeat steady, and helps bones remain strong. It also helps adjust blood glucose levels. It aids in the production of energy and protein.There is ongoing research into the role of magnesium in preventing and managing disorders such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes. However, taking magnesium supplements is not currently advised. Diets high in protein, calcium, or vitamin D will increase the need for magnesium. Food Sources Most dietary magnesium comes from dark green, leafy vegetables. Other foods that are good sources of magnesium are:Fruits (such as bananas, dried apricots, and avocados) Nuts (such as almonds and cashews) Peas and beans (legumes), seeds Soy products (such as soy flour and tofu) Whole grains (such as brown rice and millet) Milk Side Effects Side effects from high magnesium intake are not common, except in people with significantly reduced kidney function. The body generally removes extra amounts. Magnesium excess most often occurs when a person is:Taking in too much of the mineral in supplement form Taking laxatives that contain magnesiumAlthough you may not get enough magnesium from your diet, it is rare to be truly lacking in magnesium. The symptoms of such a shortage include:Hyperexcitability Muscle weakness SleepinessLack of magnesium can occur in people who abuse alcohol or in those who absorb less magnesium including:People with gastrointestinal disease or surgery causing malabsorption MalabsorptionMalabsorption involves problems with the body's ability to take in (absorb) nutrients from food.Read Article Now Book Mark Article Older adults People with type 2 diabetesType 2 diabetesType 2 diabetes is a lifelong (chronic) disease in which there is a high level of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Type 2 diabetes is the most common f...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Symptoms due to a lack of magnesium have three categories.Early symptoms:Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting Fatigue WeaknessModerate deficiency symptoms:Numbness Tingling Muscle contractions and cramps Seizures Personality changes Abnormal heart rhythmsSevere deficiency:Low blood calcium level (hypocalcemia) Low blood potassium level (hypokalemia) Recommendations Dosages for magnesium, as well as other nutrients, are provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) developed by the Food and Nutrition Board at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. DRI is a term for a set of reference intakes that are used to plan and assess the nutrient intakes of healthy people. These values, which vary by age and sex, include:Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA): The average daily level of intake that is enough to meet the nutrient needs of nearly all (97% to 98%) healthy people. An RDA is an intake level based on scientific research evidence. Adequate Intake (AI): This level is established when there is not enough scientific research evidence to develop an RDA. It is set at a level that is thought to ensure enough nutrition.Dietary Reference Intakes for magnesium:InfantsBirth to 6 months: 30 milligrams per day (mg/day)* 6 months to 1 year: 75 mg/day**AI or Adequate IntakeChildren1 to 3 years old: 80 mg/day 4 to 8 years old: 130 mg/day 9 to 13 years old: 240 mg/day 14 to 18 years old (boys): 410 mg/day 14 to 18 years old (girls): 360 mg/dayAdultsAdult males: 400 to 420 mg/day Adult females: 310 to 320 mg/day Pregnancy: 350 to 400 mg/day Breastfeeding women: 310 to 360 mg/dayOpen ReferencesReferencesNational Institutes of Health website. Magnesium: fact sheet for health professionals. ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/. Updated June 2, 2022. Accessed February 9, 2023.Yu ASL. Disorders of magnesium and phosphorus. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 111.