Dacryoadenitis
Dacryoadenitis is inflammation of the tear-producing gland (lacrimal gland).
Causes
Acute dacryoadenitis is most commonly due to viral or bacterial infection. Common causes include mumps, Epstein-Barr virus, staphylococcus, and gonococcus.
Mumps
Mumps is a contagious disease that leads to painful swelling of the salivary glands. The salivary glands produce saliva, a liquid that moistens food...
Read Article Now Book Mark ArticleEpstein-Barr virus
Mononucleosis, or mono, is a viral infection that causes fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands, most often in the neck.
Read Article Now Book Mark ArticleChronic dacryoadenitis is most often due to noninfectious inflammatory disorders. Examples include sarcoidosis, thyroid eye disease, and orbital pseudotumor.
Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a disease in which inflammation occurs in the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, eyes, skin, and/or other tissues.
Read Article Now Book Mark ArticleOrbital pseudotumor
Orbital pseudotumor is the swelling of tissue behind the eye in an area called the orbit. The orbit is the hollow space in the skull where the eye s...
Read Article Now Book Mark ArticleSymptoms
Symptoms may include:
- Swelling of the outer portion of the upper eyelid, with possible redness and tenderness
- Pain in the area of swelling
- Excess tearing or discharge
- Swelling of lymph nodes in front of the ear
Exams and Tests
Dacryoadenitis can be diagnosed by an exam of the eyes and lids. Special tests, such as a CT scan may be needed to look for the cause. Sometimes a biopsy will be needed to make sure that a tumor of the lacrimal gland is not present.
CT scan
A computed tomography (CT) scan of the orbit is an imaging method. It uses x-rays to create detailed pictures of the eye sockets (orbits), eyes and ...
Read Article Now Book Mark ArticleTumor of the lacrimal gland
A lacrimal gland tumor is a tumor in one of the glands that produces tears. The lacrimal gland is located under the outer part of each eyebrow. Lac...
Read Article Now Book Mark ArticleTreatment
If the cause of dacryoadenitis is a viral condition such as mumps, rest and warm compresses may be enough. In other cases, the treatment depends on the disease that caused the condition.
Outlook (Prognosis)
Most people will fully recover from dacryoadenitis. For more serious causes, such as sarcoidosis, the outlook depends on the disease that caused this condition.
Possible Complications
Swelling may be severe enough to put pressure on the eye and distort vision. Some people who were first thought to have dacryoadenitis may turn out to have cancer of the lacrimal gland.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Contact your health care provider if swelling or pain increase despite treatment.
Prevention
Mumps can be prevented by getting vaccinated. You can avoid getting infected with gonococcus, the bacteria that cause gonorrhea, by using safe sex practices. Most other causes cannot be prevented.
References
Durand ML. Periocular infections. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 116.
Martínez Díaz M, Copete Piqueras S, Blanco Marchite C, Vahdani K. Acute dacryoadenitis in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Orbit. 2022;41(3):374-377. PMID: 33402004 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33402004/.
McNab AA. Orbital infection and inflammation. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 12.14.
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Lacrimal gland anatomy - illustration
The lacrimal gland is located within the orbit above the lateral end of the eye. It continually releases fluid which cleanses and protects the eye's surface as it lubricates and moistens it. These lacrimal secretions are commonly known as tears.
Lacrimal gland anatomy
illustration
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Lacrimal gland anatomy - illustration
The lacrimal gland is located within the orbit above the lateral end of the eye. It continually releases fluid which cleanses and protects the eye's surface as it lubricates and moistens it. These lacrimal secretions are commonly known as tears.
Lacrimal gland anatomy
illustration
Review Date: 8/22/2022
Reviewed By: Franklin W. Lusby, MD, Ophthalmologist, Lusby Vision Institute, La Jolla, CA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.