BACK TOTOP Browse A-ZSearchBrowse A-ZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0-9 E-mail FormEmail ResultsName:Email address:Recipients Name:Recipients address:Message: Print-FriendlyBookmarksbookmarks-menuAntibiotic medications - cephalosporinsCephalosporins includeCephalosporins/beta-lactamase inhibitors:Avibactam/ceftazidime (Avycaz) Ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa) First generation cephalosporins:Cefadroxil (Duricef) Cephradine (Velosef) Cefazolin (Kefzol and Ancef) Cephalexin (Keflex and Panixine) Second generation cephalosporins:Cefotetan (Cefotan) Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) Cefaclor (Raniclor) Cefprozil (Cefzil) Cefuroxime (Ceftin oral, Kefurox injection, and Zinacef injection) Loracarbef (Lorabid Pulvules) Third generation cephalosporins:Ceftibuten (Cedax) Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Cefotaxime (Claforan) Cefpodoxime (Vantin) Cefdinir (Omnicef and Omnicef Omni-Pac) Cefixime (Suprax) Cefditoren (Spectracef) Ceftizoxime (Cefizox) Cefoperazone (Cefobid) Ceftazidime (Ceptaz, Fortaz, and Tazicef) Fourth generation cephalosporins:Cefepime (Maxipime) DepletionsProbioticsTaking cephalosporins may deplete good bacteria.There are many types of good bacteria that live in your intestine. They help keep your digestive system healthy. Two of these bacteria are Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum.Good bacteria help you to:Fight against infections and diseases Digest food Detoxification Maintenance of intestinal health Use of some medicines may deplete good bacteria. If you do not have enough probiotics in your gut, you may have:Gas Stomach problems Diarrhea More serious infections in your intestine Increased risk of allergies Some foods called probiotics contain good bacteria, and can help return your gut to normal.Vitamin KTaking cephalosporins may deplete vitamin K.The major symptom of vitamin K deficiency is that your blood does not clot as it should. Low levels of vitamin K may cause:Easy bruising Bleeding even on minor injury Bleeding gums Nosebleeds Women may have heavy periods Lack of vitamin K may also cause internal bleeding. This can be life threatening.CalciumTaking cefdinir or cefepime may deplete calcium.Calcium, along with vitamin D, keeps your bones strong and healthy.Low levels of calcium may cause:Muscle cramps Numbness or tingling in toes and feet Irregular heartbeat Depression Bone pain Spinal problems Seizures MagnesiumTaking ceftolozane/tazobactam may deplete magnesium.Magnesium deficiency affects calcium and vitamin D levels in the body. This may cause:Muscle cramps Muscle weakness Irregular heartbeat Numbness and tingling in feet and toes Seizures Insomnia High blood pressure PotassiumTaking avibactam/ceftazidime, ceftaroline, or ceftolozane/tazobactam may deplete potassium.Symptoms of potassium deficiency include:Nausea and vomiting Tiredness Drowsiness Feeling of apprehension Weakness Muscle pain and weakness (mostly in the legs) Muscle cramps Strong, rapid, or irregular heartbeat PhosphorousTaking ceftolozane/tazobactam, cefdinir, or cefepime may deplete phosphorus.Phosphorus deficiency is rare, but low levels can cause:Muscle pain and weakness Bone pain Confusion Numbness and tingling in feet and toes Loss of appetite Increased risk of infections Trouble breathing Seizures Irregular heartbeat Editorial NoteThe information presented here covers some of the nutrients that may be affected when you take certain medicines. If you have any of these signs and symptoms, it does not always mean you have low levels of these nutrients.Factors that affect the level of nutrients are:Your medical history Diet Lifestyle How long you have been taking the medicine Please talk to your health care provider. They can best address your health care needs and see if you are at risk for low levels of any nutrients.Supporting ResearchAsiedu DK. Vitamin deficiency (Hypovitaminosis). In: Ferri FF, ed. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:1359-1360.Elsevier BV. First Consult: Hypomagnesemia, 2013. Updated February 19, 2013. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/medical_topic/21-s2.0-2001655. Accessed July 20, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefaclor, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-96. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefadroxil, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-97. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefazolin, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-98. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefdinir, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-688. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefditoren, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-2494. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefepime 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-99. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefixime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-100. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefoperazone 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-101. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefotaxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-102. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefotetan, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-103. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefoxitin, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-104. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefpodoxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1239. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefprozil, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-105. Accessed July7, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefprozil, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-355. Accessed July7, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftaroline 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-3708. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftazidime 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-106. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftazidime; Avibactam, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-3987. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftibuten, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1240. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftizoxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1241. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftolozane; Tazobactam, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-3971. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftriaxone, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-107. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefuroxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-108. Accessed July7, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cephradine, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1245. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cephalexin, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-109. Accessed July 19, 2016.Greenbaum LA. Vitamin K deficiency. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 53. Harrison GJ. Probiotics. In: Cherry JD, Demmler-Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, eds. Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 242.James WD, Berger TG, Elston DM. Nutritional diseases. In: James WD, Berger TG, Elston DM, eds. Andrews' Diseases of the Skin. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 22.Leone KA. Calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. In: Adams JG, ed. Emergency Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 166.Osborn MB. Potassium. In: Adams JG, ed. Emergency Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 165.Shenkin A, Roberts NB. Vitamins and trace elements. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, Bruns DE, eds. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 31.Smogorzewski MJ, Stubbs JR, Yu ASL. Disorders of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate balance. In: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 19.Yu ASL. Disorders of magnesium and phosphorus. In: Lee G, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 119.Text only AllVideoImagesTogThe Basics Advanced Study Gamma-linolenic acidMeningitisSerum sicknessAntibiotic medications - aminoglycosidesAntibiotic medications - macrolidesAntibiotic medications - quinolonesAntibiotic medications - tetracycline derivativesAntibiotic medications - antituberculosis agentsAntibiotic medications - penicillin derivativesRelated Information hide Review Date: 9/19/2016 Reviewed By: Steven D. Ehrlich, NMD, Solutions Acupuncture, a private practice specializing in complementary and alternative medicine, Phoenix, AZ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. 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Antibiotic medications - cephalosporinsCephalosporins includeCephalosporins/beta-lactamase inhibitors:Avibactam/ceftazidime (Avycaz) Ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa) First generation cephalosporins:Cefadroxil (Duricef) Cephradine (Velosef) Cefazolin (Kefzol and Ancef) Cephalexin (Keflex and Panixine) Second generation cephalosporins:Cefotetan (Cefotan) Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) Cefaclor (Raniclor) Cefprozil (Cefzil) Cefuroxime (Ceftin oral, Kefurox injection, and Zinacef injection) Loracarbef (Lorabid Pulvules) Third generation cephalosporins:Ceftibuten (Cedax) Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Cefotaxime (Claforan) Cefpodoxime (Vantin) Cefdinir (Omnicef and Omnicef Omni-Pac) Cefixime (Suprax) Cefditoren (Spectracef) Ceftizoxime (Cefizox) Cefoperazone (Cefobid) Ceftazidime (Ceptaz, Fortaz, and Tazicef) Fourth generation cephalosporins:Cefepime (Maxipime) DepletionsProbioticsTaking cephalosporins may deplete good bacteria.There are many types of good bacteria that live in your intestine. They help keep your digestive system healthy. Two of these bacteria are Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum.Good bacteria help you to:Fight against infections and diseases Digest food Detoxification Maintenance of intestinal health Use of some medicines may deplete good bacteria. If you do not have enough probiotics in your gut, you may have:Gas Stomach problems Diarrhea More serious infections in your intestine Increased risk of allergies Some foods called probiotics contain good bacteria, and can help return your gut to normal.Vitamin KTaking cephalosporins may deplete vitamin K.The major symptom of vitamin K deficiency is that your blood does not clot as it should. Low levels of vitamin K may cause:Easy bruising Bleeding even on minor injury Bleeding gums Nosebleeds Women may have heavy periods Lack of vitamin K may also cause internal bleeding. This can be life threatening.CalciumTaking cefdinir or cefepime may deplete calcium.Calcium, along with vitamin D, keeps your bones strong and healthy.Low levels of calcium may cause:Muscle cramps Numbness or tingling in toes and feet Irregular heartbeat Depression Bone pain Spinal problems Seizures MagnesiumTaking ceftolozane/tazobactam may deplete magnesium.Magnesium deficiency affects calcium and vitamin D levels in the body. This may cause:Muscle cramps Muscle weakness Irregular heartbeat Numbness and tingling in feet and toes Seizures Insomnia High blood pressure PotassiumTaking avibactam/ceftazidime, ceftaroline, or ceftolozane/tazobactam may deplete potassium.Symptoms of potassium deficiency include:Nausea and vomiting Tiredness Drowsiness Feeling of apprehension Weakness Muscle pain and weakness (mostly in the legs) Muscle cramps Strong, rapid, or irregular heartbeat PhosphorousTaking ceftolozane/tazobactam, cefdinir, or cefepime may deplete phosphorus.Phosphorus deficiency is rare, but low levels can cause:Muscle pain and weakness Bone pain Confusion Numbness and tingling in feet and toes Loss of appetite Increased risk of infections Trouble breathing Seizures Irregular heartbeat Editorial NoteThe information presented here covers some of the nutrients that may be affected when you take certain medicines. If you have any of these signs and symptoms, it does not always mean you have low levels of these nutrients.Factors that affect the level of nutrients are:Your medical history Diet Lifestyle How long you have been taking the medicine Please talk to your health care provider. They can best address your health care needs and see if you are at risk for low levels of any nutrients.Supporting ResearchAsiedu DK. Vitamin deficiency (Hypovitaminosis). In: Ferri FF, ed. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:1359-1360.Elsevier BV. First Consult: Hypomagnesemia, 2013. Updated February 19, 2013. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/medical_topic/21-s2.0-2001655. Accessed July 20, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefaclor, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-96. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefadroxil, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-97. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefazolin, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-98. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefdinir, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-688. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefditoren, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-2494. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefepime 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-99. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefixime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-100. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefoperazone 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-101. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefotaxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-102. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefotetan, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-103. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefoxitin, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-104. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefpodoxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1239. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefprozil, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-105. Accessed July7, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefprozil, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-355. Accessed July7, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftaroline 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-3708. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftazidime 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-106. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftazidime; Avibactam, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-3987. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftibuten, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1240. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftizoxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1241. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftolozane; Tazobactam, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-3971. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Ceftriaxone, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-107. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cefuroxime, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-108. Accessed July7, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cephradine, 2015. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-1245. Accessed July 19, 2016.Gold Standard Drug Database: Drug Monograph: Cephalexin, 2016. www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-109. Accessed July 19, 2016.Greenbaum LA. Vitamin K deficiency. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 53. Harrison GJ. Probiotics. In: Cherry JD, Demmler-Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, eds. Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 242.James WD, Berger TG, Elston DM. Nutritional diseases. In: James WD, Berger TG, Elston DM, eds. Andrews' Diseases of the Skin. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 22.Leone KA. Calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. In: Adams JG, ed. Emergency Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 166.Osborn MB. Potassium. In: Adams JG, ed. Emergency Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 165.Shenkin A, Roberts NB. Vitamins and trace elements. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, Bruns DE, eds. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 31.Smogorzewski MJ, Stubbs JR, Yu ASL. Disorders of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate balance. In: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 19.Yu ASL. Disorders of magnesium and phosphorus. In: Lee G, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 119.