BACK TOTOP Browse A-ZSearchBrowse A-ZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0-9 E-mail FormEmail ResultsName:Email address:Recipients Name:Recipients address:Message: Print-FriendlyBookmarksbookmarks-menuMicrognathiaMicrognathia is a term for a lower jaw that is smaller than normal. Considerations In some cases, the jaw is small enough to interfere with the infant's feeding. Infants with this condition may need special nipples in order to feed properly.Micrognathia often corrects itself during growth. The jaw may grow a lot during puberty. The problem can be caused by certain inherited disorders and syndromes.Micrognathia can cause the teeth not to align properly. This can be seen in the way the teeth appear when the mouth closes. Often there will not be enough room for the teeth to grow.Children with this problem should see an orthodontist when the adult teeth come in. Because children may outgrow the condition, it often makes sense to delay treatment until a child is older. Causes Micrognathia may be part of other genetic syndromes, including:Cri du chat syndrome Cri du chat syndromeCri du chat syndrome is a group of symptoms that result from missing a piece of chromosome number 5. The syndrome's name is based on the infant's cr...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Hallermann-Streiff syndrome Marfan syndrome Marfan syndromeMarfan syndrome is a disorder of connective tissue. This is the tissue that strengthens the body's structures. Disorders of connective tissue affect...ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Pierre Robin syndrome Pierre Robin syndromePierre Robin sequence is a condition in which an infant has a smaller than normal lower jaw, a tongue that falls back in the throat, and difficulty b...ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Progeria ProgeriaProgeria is a rare genetic condition that produces rapid aging in children.ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Russell-Silver syndrome Russell-Silver syndromeRussell-Silver syndrome (RSS) is a disorder present at birth involving poor growth. One side of the body may also appear to be larger than the other...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Seckel syndrome Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome Treacher-Collins syndrome Treacher-Collins syndromeTreacher Collins syndrome is a genetic condition that leads to problems with the structure of the face. Most cases are not passed down through famil...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Trisomy 13 Trisomy 13Trisomy 13 (also called Patau syndrome) is a genetic disorder in which a person has 3 copies of genetic material from chromosome 13, instead of the u...ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Trisomy 18 Trisomy 18Trisomy 18 is a genetic disorder in which a person has a third copy of material from chromosome 18, instead of the usual 2 copies. Rarely, the extra...Read Article Now Book Mark Article XO syndrome (Turner syndrome) Turner syndromeTurner syndrome is a rare genetic condition in which a female does not have the usual pair of X chromosomes.ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Home Care You may need to use special feeding methods for a child with this condition. Most hospitals have programs where you can learn about these methods. When to Contact a Medical Professional Contact your health care provider if:Your child seems to have a very small jaw Your child has trouble feeding properly What to Expect at Your Office Visit The provider will do a physical exam and may ask questions about the problem. Some of these may include:When did you first notice that the jaw was small? How severe is it? Does the child have trouble eating? What other symptoms are present? The physical exam will include a thorough check of the mouth.The following tests may be performed:Dental x-rays Dental x-raysDental x-rays are a type of image of the teeth and mouth. X-rays are a form of high energy electromagnetic radiation. The x-rays penetrate the body...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Skull x-raysSkull x-raysA skull x-ray is a picture of the bones surrounding the brain, including the facial bones, the nose, and the sinuses.ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Depending on the symptoms, a child may need to be tested for an inherited condition that may be the source of the problem. The child may need surgery or devices to correct tooth position.Open ReferencesReferencesCampbell KH, Han CS, Abdel-Razeq SS. Imaging of the face and neck. In: Lockwood CJ, Copel JA, Dugoff L, et al. eds. Creasy and Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 21.Enlow E, Greenberg JM. Clinical manifestations of diseases in the newborn. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, Blum NJ, Shah SS, et al, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 119.Hartsfield JK, Morford LA. Acquired and developmental disturbances of the teeth and associated oral structures. In: Dean JA, ed. McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA; 2022:chap 3.AllVideoImagesTogThe face - illustration The physical landmarks of the human face are very similar from one face to another.The faceillustrationThe face - illustration The physical landmarks of the human face are very similar from one face to another.The faceillustrationRelated Information Review Date: 4/25/2023 Reviewed By: Charles I. Schwartz, MD, FAAP, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, General Pediatrician at PennCare for Kids, Phoenixville, PA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. 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MicrognathiaMicrognathia is a term for a lower jaw that is smaller than normal. Considerations In some cases, the jaw is small enough to interfere with the infant's feeding. Infants with this condition may need special nipples in order to feed properly.Micrognathia often corrects itself during growth. The jaw may grow a lot during puberty. The problem can be caused by certain inherited disorders and syndromes.Micrognathia can cause the teeth not to align properly. This can be seen in the way the teeth appear when the mouth closes. Often there will not be enough room for the teeth to grow.Children with this problem should see an orthodontist when the adult teeth come in. Because children may outgrow the condition, it often makes sense to delay treatment until a child is older. Causes Micrognathia may be part of other genetic syndromes, including:Cri du chat syndrome Cri du chat syndromeCri du chat syndrome is a group of symptoms that result from missing a piece of chromosome number 5. The syndrome's name is based on the infant's cr...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Hallermann-Streiff syndrome Marfan syndrome Marfan syndromeMarfan syndrome is a disorder of connective tissue. This is the tissue that strengthens the body's structures. Disorders of connective tissue affect...ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Pierre Robin syndrome Pierre Robin syndromePierre Robin sequence is a condition in which an infant has a smaller than normal lower jaw, a tongue that falls back in the throat, and difficulty b...ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Progeria ProgeriaProgeria is a rare genetic condition that produces rapid aging in children.ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Russell-Silver syndrome Russell-Silver syndromeRussell-Silver syndrome (RSS) is a disorder present at birth involving poor growth. One side of the body may also appear to be larger than the other...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Seckel syndrome Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome Treacher-Collins syndrome Treacher-Collins syndromeTreacher Collins syndrome is a genetic condition that leads to problems with the structure of the face. Most cases are not passed down through famil...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Trisomy 13 Trisomy 13Trisomy 13 (also called Patau syndrome) is a genetic disorder in which a person has 3 copies of genetic material from chromosome 13, instead of the u...ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Trisomy 18 Trisomy 18Trisomy 18 is a genetic disorder in which a person has a third copy of material from chromosome 18, instead of the usual 2 copies. Rarely, the extra...Read Article Now Book Mark Article XO syndrome (Turner syndrome) Turner syndromeTurner syndrome is a rare genetic condition in which a female does not have the usual pair of X chromosomes.ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Home Care You may need to use special feeding methods for a child with this condition. Most hospitals have programs where you can learn about these methods. When to Contact a Medical Professional Contact your health care provider if:Your child seems to have a very small jaw Your child has trouble feeding properly What to Expect at Your Office Visit The provider will do a physical exam and may ask questions about the problem. Some of these may include:When did you first notice that the jaw was small? How severe is it? Does the child have trouble eating? What other symptoms are present? The physical exam will include a thorough check of the mouth.The following tests may be performed:Dental x-rays Dental x-raysDental x-rays are a type of image of the teeth and mouth. X-rays are a form of high energy electromagnetic radiation. The x-rays penetrate the body...Read Article Now Book Mark Article Skull x-raysSkull x-raysA skull x-ray is a picture of the bones surrounding the brain, including the facial bones, the nose, and the sinuses.ImageRead Article Now Book Mark Article Depending on the symptoms, a child may need to be tested for an inherited condition that may be the source of the problem. The child may need surgery or devices to correct tooth position.Open ReferencesReferencesCampbell KH, Han CS, Abdel-Razeq SS. Imaging of the face and neck. In: Lockwood CJ, Copel JA, Dugoff L, et al. eds. Creasy and Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 21.Enlow E, Greenberg JM. Clinical manifestations of diseases in the newborn. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, Blum NJ, Shah SS, et al, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 119.Hartsfield JK, Morford LA. Acquired and developmental disturbances of the teeth and associated oral structures. In: Dean JA, ed. McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA; 2022:chap 3.