Imaging tests are used to diagnose this condition. Tests include:
CT scan of the abdomen
MRI of the abdomen
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), can also determine cause
Ultrasound of the abdomen
Treatment
The underlying cause of cholestasis must be treated.
Outlook (Prognosis)
How well a person does depends on the disease causing the condition. Stones in the common bile duct can often be removed. This can cure the cholestasis.
Stents can be placed to open areas of the common bile duct that are narrowed or blocked by cancers.
If the condition is caused by the use of a certain medicine, it will often go away when you stop taking that drug.
Possible Complications
Complications may include:
Diarrhea
Organ failure can occur if sepsis develops
Poor absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins
Severe itching
Weak bones (osteomalacia) due to having cholestasis for a very long time
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Contact your health care provider if you have:
Itching that does not go away
Yellow skin or eyes
Other symptoms of cholestasis
Prevention
Get vaccinated for hepatitis A and B if you are at risk. Do not use intravenous drugs and share needles.
References
Eaton JE, Lindor KD. Primary biliary cholangitis. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 91.
Fogel EL, Sherman S. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 146.
Lidofsky SD. Jaundice. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 21.
Review Date:
5/4/2022
Reviewed By:
Michael M. Phillips, MD, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.